Approval Letters free essay sample

SAE-UMP Chapter Shell Eco-long distance race Asia 2013 Team. 1) Nik Fadhil B Nik Mohammed 24-Jul-1990 23 Year Old EC09051 (Yr. 4) Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Power System) Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 2) Muhammad Hisyamuddin b Jaafar 11-Jan-1990 23 Year Old MH09014 (Yr. 4) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 3) Wan Nurul Syahirah Binti Wan Lanang 15-May-1992 21 Year Old FB11041 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 4) Mohd Najmi Bin Harith 19-Aug-1992 21 Year Old MH11099 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 5) Muhammad Taufiq Bin Taha 6-Feb-1992 21 Year Old FA11025 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 6) Nur Aisvah Binti lsmail 2-Jan-1992 21 Year Old MH11062 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 7) Muhammad Haziq Bin Mazlan 4-Sep-1992 21 Year Old MH11042 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering ) Muhammad Najmuddin Bin Moskori 13-Nov-1992 21 Year Old MH11020 (Yr. We will compose a custom article test on Endorsement Letters or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 9) Wan Muhamad lzzudin Bin Wan lbrahim 4-Nov-1992 21 Year Old MH11038 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 10) Loo Fu Hong 6-Dec-1991 22 Year Old MC12051 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 11) Mohd Firdaus Bin Mohd Rosli 20-Nov-1989 24 Year Old MH09086 (Yr. 4) Lone wolf of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 12) Mohammad Hanif Bin Rameli 11-Sep-1992 21 Year Old MH11032 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 13) Tang Shuen Cherng 15-March-1992 21 Year old FB12056 †(Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 14) Muhammad Khaidir B Azman 24-March-1994 19 Year Old MB12061 †(Yr. 1) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 15) Muhammad Nabil Fikri B Mohamad - Dec-1993 20 Year old MA12070 †(Year 1) Bachelor of Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 16) Nor Arina Binti Ali Kangsa 4-Jan-1992 22 Year Old MH11090 †(Year 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 17) Wan Amir Haziq B. Wan Mohd Pandi 15-July-1994 19 Year Old MB12056 Bachelor of Mech anical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 18) Ng Yee Shian 25-April-1992 21 Year Old MC12054 †(Year 1) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 9) Raja Imran Shah B. Raja Badrin Shah 24-Apr-1992 21 Year Old MH11036 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 20) Muhammad Aiman Safwan B. Jubri 11-Jan-1994 19 Year Old MB12068 †(Year 1) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 21) Ng Wei Ming 21-Jan-1992 21 Year Old MC12056 †(Year 1) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 22) Nor Fadilah Binti Ahmad 19-June-1991 22 Year Old MH11097 †(Year 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 23) Lee Shun Jian 25-June-1992 21 Year Old FB12043 †(Year 1) Bachelor of Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 24) Chan Chao Shiung 24-August-1989 FB12061 †(Year 1) Bachelor of Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 25) Mohd Aiman Bin Mahusin 19-Jan-1990 MH09068 (Yr. 4) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 26) Mohd Amiruddin Bin Alias 14-Jan-1992 MH11076 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 27) Nurul Hasnah binti Awang 24-May-1992 FB11011 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering 28) Muhamad Syazwan Bin Zolkafli 6-Jul-1991 MH11074 (Yr. 2) Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering 29) Che Wan Abdul Rashid Bin Che Wan Hitam 14-Jan-1992 MH11015 †Yr 2 Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering with Automotive Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

Coping with Life Challenges Essay

Toni Cade Bambara, conceived March 25, 1939 in New York City; her mom was Helen Brent Henderson Cade. Bambara embraced that last name when she found it on a sketchbook her incredible grandma had. Bambara went through the initial ten years of her life in Harlem, New York. In 1973, she distributed and exposition in Redbook clarifying what she preferred about her mom. Bambara is an extremist, author, essayist, writer, and a producer. Bambara was impacted by her work as a social laborer in the 1960’s. Bambara knew how the dark network had been disregarded and mishandled in the American culture. Bambara got dedicated to her locale; she composed principally for her dark network and in dark lingo. Toni Cade Bambara composed a few short stories, one explicitly was â€Å"The Lesson,† in this short story; she talks on the best way to beat battles and generalizing operating at a profit network. In â€Å"The Lesson,† Toni Cade Bambara, utilizes portrayal, style of language and setting; she additionally shows how she felt about how unjustifiable the American culture was through the eyes of a dark lady. Initially, Bambara utilizes portrayal. In â€Å"The Lesson† Bambara built up a solid and positive character who could show us important exercises throughout everyday life. This character was a solid dark lady named Miss Moore, who showed all the kids in her locale how to beat the battles in their locale. Miss Moore previously took the youngsters to a store on Fifth Avenue, this store was the most costly toy store the name of the store was F. A. O. Schwartz. The main life exercise was a costly high quality boat, â€Å"Hand-made boat of fiberglass at one thousand one hundred and ninety-five dollars. † (Bambara) This exercise was to show the kids the estimation of cash, and how to esteem what they have and not what they need. In the second preliminary Bambara utilizes style of language, Miss Moore scrutinized the kids on how they felt about the costly boat. One of the characters in the story, Sylvia got annoyed with Miss Moore in light of the fact that out of the considerable number of kids, she was the just one to get the point. Sylvia stated, â€Å"I’m frantic, yet I won’t give her that fulfillment. So I slump around bein exceptionally exhausted and state, Let’s go. †(Bambara) Sylvia understood that Miss Moore needed them to perceive what kind of condition they lived in and needed them to consider approaches to beat those battles later on. Last, Bambara utilizes setting, Miss Moore, needed the youngsters to acknowledge how out of line life was in the American culture. Miss Moore needed the kids to see, that they needed to beat the generalizing and turn into something contrary to what life was normal out of them. Miss Moore stated, â€Å"Imagine for brief what sort of society it is in which a few people can spend on a toy what it would cost to take care of a group of six or seven. What do you think? † (Bambara) Bambara’s primary character recognized what life expected out of them and she needed the kids to beat the battles, basically by encountering them. Taking everything into account, the creator felt that living inside your general public, you need to beat the generalizing and turn into something contrary to what life is anticipated from you. Toni Cade Bambara needed her characters in â€Å"The Lesson,† to defeat society’s obstructions, remorselessness, and debasement and to find their qualities, and to encapsulate pride. Toni Cade Bambara is all inclusive and lives on in today’s society.

Motion Creates Emotion 3 Simple Ways To Break Your Pattern

Motion Creates Emotion 3 Simple Ways To Break Your Pattern Its difficult to roll out of bed some days. Sometimes you just dont feel motivated: You dont want to create. You dont want to contribute. You dont want to do anything. Sometimes youd rather sit passively in front of the television and watch the world progress without you. We know, it happens to us, too. Sometimes we procrastinate or we simply dont feel like doing something. But then we do three things that allow us to break our pattern and take action. Good news, theyre all pretty easy: 1. Accountability Partners.  Together, your two authors,  exercise with each other five days a  week. It helps to have someone else there to make sure we show up when we need to show up and to make sure we give it a little extra effort each time. Who is your accountability partner? It can be via phone, in person, or even email or text. Get one. 2. Take the First Step. We tend to put things off, especially boring or mundane tasks (doing the dishes, laundry, writing, etc.), but if we take the first step, we get momentum and we are much more likely to complete the task. Sometimes we just need to take that first stepâ€"as difficult as that might seem at timesâ€"and the rest falls in line. 3. Change Your State. If we dont feel like getting up or doing anything, we will drastically change our physiology (go for a walk, do push-ups, change our breathing, run as fast as we can for 30 seconds, etc.). Motion creates emotion. These three things will get you moving in the right direction. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Gender Inequality A Social Problem - 1728 Words

There are many ways someone can sit and analyze why a social problem exists, came to be and where its future lies. The best explanation on why gender inequality is, always has been, and will continue to be a social problem is from the functionalist perspective. Functionalist focus on how a society creates the social problem and then analyzes how and why the social issue has been maintained over the years. The objective reality is that gender inequality has and always will be a major issue in society. The scope of gender inequality has changed drastically over the years, but there is still a constant struggle for equal rights, pay and respect from society towards women. While organizations like Association for Women s Rights in Development (AWID) are constantly fighting for women’s rights and spreading awareness on the inequality for women, the issue is that it still exists and is in great force. I believe gender inequality to be a pride barrier for men; men were once thought t o be the kings, the providers for the family and the pillar that held everything together. Today, women can provide, and do for herself and don’t need men to keep them stable or hold the roof from collapsing and men find that demasculinizing. Gender inequality started before people even knew it was a thing; it all began with the division of labors and work. Functionalist look as things on a macro level on how society creates a social problem and gender inequality began with dividing men and womenShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality : A Social Problem1016 Words   |  5 PagesGender inequality is a social problem that is widespread in society. It is referred to as the unfair treatment of individuals based on one s gender. Historically, laws have opposed women to go to school, access certain jobs, and purchase property. Gender inequality has been experience through culture – honor-killing, sex-selective abortion, and society – occupation, gender roles, and education . The social expectations of men and women differ between cultures that are constructed socially and culturallyRead MoreHorrific Treatment Women In The Middle East. Spring 2017.1718 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent ways, and different causes. However, they all lead to dehumanization of the individual. These discrimination problems are usually problems that date way back in time. For example, the labeling of women as the weaker sex, or the gender that must make all the emotional decisions in the house is dehumanizing for them. Segregating women is a social problem, and this problem is more aggressive in some parts of the world. As of matter of fact, women in the entire world have been the subject ofRead MoreThe Construction And Experience Of Gender Inequality1395 Words   |  6 PagesSocial status and structures have definitely shaped the construction and experience of gender inequality. Men and women are constantly analyzed, compared, and grouped together in society. The result of t his yields discrepancies in how sexes are viewed by society. Throughout my examination and explanation of gender inequality, I concluded both men and women are victims to gender inequality. I examined different professional industries in The United States to get a familiar understanding of genderRead MoreInequality Between Men And Women1315 Words   |  6 Pages Inequality between Men and Women Trisha Stafford American Public University System Mrs. Decter Table of Contents Introduction 3 Defining â€Å"Social Problem† 3 Explaining Sociological Viewpoint 3 Chosen Social Problem Introduction 3 Thesis 3 Defining Sexism 3 Why is it a social problem? 3-4 Statistics 4 Identifying and Defining Four Concepts Related to Sexism 4-5 How is this problem being addressed? 5 Conclusion 6 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreGender Inequality863 Words   |  4 PagesDecember 4, 2013 Professor Fischer Gender Inequality in a Global Perspective What is Gender Inequality? Like others, a social problem that is widespread in American society is Gender inequality. It is a problem that has had a negative impact on American society. Gender inequality can be found in many sub-systems of America. It is important to understand what gender inequality is in order to identify and correct the problem. Two sub-systems that gender inequality can be found are in the family andRead MoreFInal Paper1429 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Gender Inequality Within Society Society has conformed our minds to view gender based on one’s role in society. This labels the person as a man or a woman and then classifies them based on the â€Å"roles† that society has assigned for each. Gender inequality is caused by the unequal perceptions or even the way someone is treated, based on them being a man or woman. It tends to be the result of what is seen as socially constructed differences of the typical gender roles. This is a social problem I findRead MoreWest With The Night By Markham Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesCottin Pogrebin Gender inequality—a social problem that has been an issue in society for more than fifty years, refers to the unequal treatment of individuals based on their gender. Though the definition of gender inequality applies to the mistreatment of either gender, gender inequality has been a social problem targeted towards women; infamously for many years. The questioning of which sociologic perspective theories would apply to the seeking of a solution of the social problem arises. The threeRead MoreGender Inequality Within The Workplace Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesmovement of promoting gender equality is exponentially growing every year; however, gender inequality is still a persistent problem in today’s workforce. Each year, gender inequality, especially employment equity, the distinct barrier between genders in the workforce, has become a topic of contention as its affecting working individuals worldwide, especially women. Before examining this problem, we must further un derstand what gender inequality is in the workplace. Gender inequality is an ascriptive factorRead MoreSocial Inequality : A Part Of Sports1080 Words   |  5 PagesThesis: Social inequality is a part of many issues other than sports, but it is a part of sports to do several issues such as gender roles, salary and stereotypes. The Significance: The significance of this topic of inequality in sports is that it does not just occur in sports. It happens all around us, you see social inequality happening at work places, schools, restaurants and many other places. Many people don’t see if because they don’t know what it is. Population: Many people think it onlyRead MoreGender Equality And Gender Inequality921 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the dictionary, the definition of gender equality is the state in which access to rights or opportunities is unaffected by gender. Gender inequality is happening, where women have less control over resources, less power than males, and fewer opportunities across social, economic, and political life. Gender inequality is happening because of women’s physical difference in education, work pay and job opportunities, family and culture, religion, and government. This is due to the stereotypical

Robert Ross the Anti-Hero - 1017 Words

Robert Ross’ whole life he grew up in a household where they did what was expected of them, rather than what was right. The type of people that Findley place in Robert’s life is what molds him into the type of character he becomes. Timothy Findley manipulates what a hero is supposed to be, by making Robert Ross a distorted kind of hero. Robert Ross exemplifies anti-heroism throughout the text because of his need to be a savior but inability to do so, his morals and his connection with animals. Robert Ross becomes the anti-hero because of his need of to save others but inability to do so; Robert, himself, is not aware of the fact that all he wants to do is save others because he could not save the one person he cared about, Rowena: â€Å"It†¦show more content†¦Countless times Robert follows what he thinks is morally right, disregarding the consequences of his actions. Throughout the book, Robert Ross was dependent on his sister, Rowena, and the animals he felt so connected to. Robert more than anything becomes a person who relies more on animals, than he does people. Robert’s reliance on animals starts because of his sister’s love for her rabbits: â€Å" ‘Can the rabbits stay forever, too?’ ‘Yes, Rowena.’ †(18) His dependence on animals only strengthens as the book goes on, and when Rowena dies, he turns to the animals for guidance and as a replacement for Rowena. On many different occasions, Robert displays his love for animals and disconnection from the real world: â€Å"Robert soon became completely disengaged from the other life on the upper decks. He even went below off duty.† (56) Robert shows his lack of connection with the other soldiers on board, and demonstrates his relationship he developed with the animals in the army. Robert’s connection strengthens with animals so much, th at towards the end of the book he is willing to break military rules and attempt to save them: â€Å"I’m going to break ranks and save these animals.† (183) The heroes, we are custom to today, would not go against the rules to save a bunch of horses. Even though, most would not see Robert as being heroic, because he broke the rules, it was his intentions behind his actions. AsShow MoreRelatedThe Glorified Act Of War By Timothy Findley And Kurt Vonnegut1874 Words   |  8 Pagesthis typical hero archetype in their anti-war novels by portraying the soldiers who fight in the war as the men they are, not as the templates of heroes they are expected to fit, in furtherance of strengthening their anti-war stances. Findley and Vonnegut illustrate their protagonists as a tragic hero and an anti-hero, respectively, in order to juxtapose the atrocities of war with the flawed humanness of man and to challenge the stereotypical image of a soldier. Protagonists Robert Ross and Bill y PilgrimRead MoreThe Marxist Journey in The Wars by Timothy Findley1894 Words   |  8 Pagesexperience (Tyson 277). The protagonist in The Wars ,Robert Ross, is an example of this experience. He is a young man from an elitist family that encounters these ideologies throughout his journey. The archetypal journey of Robert Ross in The Wars contains many elements of political theory from Marxism, showcased through the class system, the distinction between the oppressors and the oppressed, and the revolutionary actions that occur. Robert Ross’ is introduced to characters with varying outlooksRead MoreHippies and the Revolution of a Culture3124 Words   |  13 Pagesdiethylamide), as the key to escaping the ties of society and expanding their individual consciousness. The immediate precursor to the hippies was the so-called Beat Generation of the late 1950s, including the poet Allen Ginsberg, who became a hippie hero. But where the coolly intellectual, black-clad beats tended to keep a low profile and stay out of politics, the hippies were known as much for their political outspokenness as for their long hair and colorful psychedelic clothing. Their oppositionRead MoreCompare Two Western Films Made at Least Twenty Years Apart on the Basis of the Three of the Five Frameworks Studied in the First Block of the Unit, and the Elements of the Western Genre Studied in the Second Block of the Unit.3922 Words   |  16 Pagesthe tone for the Western story. Kitses put’s this succinctly ‘frontier l ife provides the milieu and mores of the western’ (1969, p8). This is strongly represented in True Grit. Bombastic Marshall Rooster Cogburn and spirited justice seeking Mattie Ross set off from civilization (Fort Smith) into the wilderness (Indian Choctaw nation). It is here that they are truly confronted by the grand topography of the wilderness, lawlessness and violence. All are key defining elements of the Western Genre. Read MoreMacbeth9435 Words   |  38 PagesMacbeth  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Macbeth s wife and later Queen of Scotland * Banquo  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Macbeth s friend and a general in the army of King Duncan * Fleance  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Banquo s son * Macduff  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Thane of  Fife * Lady Macduff  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Macduff s wife * Macduff s son | * Ross, Lennox, Angus, Menteith, Caithness – Scottish Thanes * Siward  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ General of the English forces * Young Siward – Siward s son * Seyton – Macbeth s servant and attendant * H ecate  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Queen of the witches * Three Witches  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ make the predictionRead MoreCase5831 Words   |  24 Pagesfrom FedMart were reopened as Target stores. It also founded the Plums off-price apparel specialty store chain with four units in the Los Angeles area, with an intended audience of middle-to-upper income women. In 1984, it sold its Plums chain to Ross Stores after only 11 months of operation, and it sold its Diamonds and John A. Brown department store chains to Dillards.[19][20][21] Meanwhile, Target Stores added nine new units to a total of 215 stores and $3.55  billion in sales. Floyd Hall leftRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 PagesMiddle Ages [500 to 1500 CE] 31 The European Renaissance [1500-1650 CE] 32 The 17th Century 34 The 18th and Early 19th Centuries 35 The Victorians: The Golden Age 36 Twentieth Century: Widening Worlds 38 9. Bibliography 38 1. Introduction In 1817 Robert Bloomfield, author of The History of Little Davy’s New Hat, wrote: ‘The longer I live †¦ the more I am convinced of the importance of children’s books.’ That similar statements are still being made two hundred years later shows us how much children’sRead MoreMasculinity in the Philippines12625 Words   |  51 Pages(Commonwealth, Bulletin No. 17; Meixsel 1993, 301). So strong was the appeal of military training that four of the countrys leading legislators, including presidential aspirant Manuel Roxas, volunteered for the first Reserve Officers Service School (ROSS) in mid-1936. In this commencement address to this class in September, President Quezon explained that officers were to serve as the nations models for patriotism and new, virile form of citizenry (The Bayonet 1936, 94, 98). The good officer. . .Read MoreThe Cause of Globalization18688 Words   |  75 PagesThere are some reasons to expect that increased international competition could accelerate productivity growth but also some reasons to expect the reverse. (p. 8) Turning to the empirical evidence, many economists have argued that conventional villain-hero characterizations of the decline of Latin America and the east Asian miracle are simply inappropriate. Rodrik (1999) argues that it is wrong to blame import-substitution industrialization for Latin America’s economic problems in the 1970s and 1980s—theRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesdevelopments of Rastafarianism. For instance, very few modern religions have assumed such a signiï ¬ cant place in the mainstream of popular culture through the use of music. Marley is not seen as a religious ï ¬ gure; rather he is seen as a rock star, a pop hero, an icon. And yet his faith is at the core of his music. Rastafarians have dubbed Marley the psalmist and prophet of the movement. This is a crucial part of the wonderful complexity of the Rastafarian movement. Jamaica owes a great debt to the men

A Critique of Theoretical Models Free Essays

In How to help people change, Dr. Jay Adams (1986) does not present a model of counseling per se. Instead, he provides an analysis, better yet and interpretation 2 Timothy 3:16. We will write a custom essay sample on A Critique of Theoretical Models or any similar topic only for you Order Now The interpretation is presented definitively as the sole method of acceptable counseling from a Christian and biblical context. One major flaw in his work is the underlying theological presupposition that only Christian people utilizing the framework he outlines can offer a process for counseling that results in what he calls acceptable change. Another unreasonable position held by Adams is the idea that change is only acceptable if it is â€Å"toward God† (p. 6). While this is certainly true in regards to salvation and the biblical directive to be a living sacrifice before God (NASB, Romans 12:1), even Jesus acknowledged that both the righteous and the unrighteous live under some measure of God’s grace and benefit (Matthew 5:45). It is unsustainable to hold a position that unredeemed persons are not able to observe God’s purpose and design in humanity and offer some level of help, in the context of counseling, even if it is not totally in alignment with God’s Word. I admire Adams stance and value on Scripture. In his book, he presents a view of the Bible that is an essential inhabitant of the Judeo-Christian worldview and value system. Nevertheless, he does not allow for elements of God’s truth to be discovered or evaluated from a perspective outside of the pages of Scripture. Adams says that â€Å"if it is a truth that is necessary to counseling, it will be found already in a purer form in the Bible† (p. 39). Honestly, one nearly has to reject intellectual credibility to formulate this type of statement because the Bible simply does not address a lot of issues tackled in the therapeutic sessions today. I wonder what would be Adam’s solution for a client’s disorderly and unrestrained sexual addictive behavior. The first solution would be to direct them to the Bible verses that as a Christian, they already know. Another solution would be to remind them that they should be reading the Bible and praying more than ever. In reality, if neither of those approaches work, then the nouthetic counseling approach would conclude that a person is one whom God has turned over to their own â€Å"degrading passions† (NASB, Romans 1: 26) thus breaking fellowship with them. Logically, one could see and would reason that sexual addictive behavior is rooted in an intimacy disorder, therefore once that is understood, biblical principles and theological understandings should under-gird the counselor’s approach to helping a counselee work towards healthy healing with the dilemma. According to Adams (1986), â€Å"†¦people must first hear the gospel, believe, and be saved† (p. 12). Seriously, this cannot be the first step in a counseling model. I believe that it would be a desired goal and that it could even be the best. Conversely, the counselor must meet a person where he or she is in life. Furthermore, it may be that a therapeutic relationship of trust must be built before the counselor even has an opportunity to introduce the idea of a relationship with Christ. In addition, even though it sounds unspiritual to say, the counselor must accept that some people are able to adjust and live well as non-Christian persons. They may not end up going to Heaven, but we cannot deny that some non-Christians live seemingly fulfilled lives. Dr. William Backus and Marie Chapian (2000) offer a good biblically based cognitive-behavior resource for dealing with feeling based concerns where cognitive awareness exists or is readily accessible in their book Telling Yourself the Truth. In addition, this writing provides a good dialogue about a Christian perspective concerning a person’s self-worth. However, there are some basic flaws in the model of Christian counseling as presented by Backus and Chapian. It is not acceptable to present the concept of â€Å"attitude† as if it only involves cognition (p. 16). In addition, Backus and Chapian offers a very simplistic understanding regarding triggers. It is doubtful that a counselor who works with persons involved in addictive behavior and sexual brokenness concerns would agree with Backus and Chapian’s etiology of self-hate. The most troublesome aspect of this model is their idea that â€Å"misbeliefs are the direct cause of emotional turmoil and maladaptive behavior† (p. 17). This statement alone demonstrates that Backus and Chapian do not understand developmental processes and that their perception concerning the impending impact of childhood experiences is feeble, at best. It is almost an absurdity to conclude that the primordial mental representations, including feelings, which are the basis for the characterological development of a person, language and socialization, are â€Å"caused by what we tell ourselves about our circumstances† (p. 17). Even with such flaws, it is agreed that Backus and Chapian’s model is useful in a cognitive-behavioral context concerning many adult concerns. In positioning their model of counseling as more appropriate than secular methods, Backus and Chapian state that â€Å"many excellent scientific investigations have demonstrated that it is entirely unnecessary to uncover the childhood antecedents of current behaviors in order to change them† (p. 25). However, there was no citation or reference provided to document existence of such scientific studies. Consistent with Adams, Backus and Chapian ascribe to the theological position that â€Å"Jesus taught that the truth has freeing power† (p. 181). However, Jesus actually said, â€Å"You shall know the Truth and the Truth shall set you free† (NASB, John 8:32). While Jesus was referring to His spoken word, it is also important to remember that according to John 1:1, Jesus is the Word and the context of John 8:32 presents Jesus as the light of the world. Both writings overemphasize the importance of the Word of God to the point of minimizing the importance of a relationship with Jesus. Backus and Chapian’s model, as does Adams’ models, fall short in a range of areas with scores of rationales. One area where the two counseling models are inadequate is in working with trauma-based concerns. There is no consideration for fear-based trauma memories resulting in cynical planning which bypasses cognitive function. Further there is no consideration in either counseling model for understanding concerns where the etiology of a problem is rooted in an attachment disorder. Of course cognitive-behavioral methods are appropriate in dealing with such concerns. However, it is inadequate to conclude that the sole method of treating attachment pathology is a focused effort towards changing one’s thinking process. It is interesting that neither Adams nor Backus attempted to provide a framework for personality organization when presenting their counseling model. Rather, they both expend a great deal of effort in standing against the writings and views of others. It would be desirable that evangelical authors would stop writing about what everyone in the Psychology field is doing wrong. Instead, it would be helpful to develop a theory or model of personality and counseling that all Christian persons could work towards maturing and developing. It seems wasteful to continue presenting emotionally charged views against others at the expense of building our own Christian understandings. References Adams, J. E. (1986). How to help people change: The four-step biblical process. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan. Backus, W. Chapian, M. (2000). Telling yourself the truth: Find your way out of depression, anxiety, fear, anger, and other common problems by applying the principles of misbelieve therapy. Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers. How to cite A Critique of Theoretical Models, Papers

Business Law Misrepresentation Law

Question: Define the Business Law for Misrepresentation Law. Answer: Issue: (Tom and Steve) Based on the facts, the issue that arises here is whether Steve can be held liable for misrepresentation of facts in the contract and whether the contract between Steve and Tom is voidable or not? Relevant Rule There have been many cases in the contract law that relates to contract formation and breach of contract. To make a distinction between a valid contract and an invalid contract it is important to determine the existence of the formalities needed to make a contract valid. For making a contract enforceable in the eyes of law, offer, acceptance, consideration and legal capacity of a contract should be determined. If these elements are present, a contract becomes valid. However, there are certain situations that make a contract voidable, such as misrepresentation, fraud or coercion. Misrepresentation means stating facts of the case in a wrongful manner, to such an extent, that the other party enters into a contract depending on the facts that were stated to him. Misrepresentation makes the contract voidable if the person suffers a loss or harm resultantly (Furmston et al., 2012). Application: In the case of Tom and Steve, the contract may become voidable at the option of Tom, as he was the one who suffered loss of 5000 dollars profit per day. Steve gives assurance to Tom that his truck is capable of carrying 12 tons of cargo. He does not check with the specifications and gives assurance to Tom. Conclusion: The legal position in the case of Steve is not strong and if Tom wishes, he may make the contract voidable that is either reject the contract or affirm the same. Issue: (Steve and Pamela) Based on the facts, the issue that shall be discussed here is, whether Steve shall be liable for non-performance of contractual obligation to Pamela. Relevant Rules: If one of the parties to the contract, voluntarily performs an act, and the other party makes a promise that based on the voluntary action of the person, such a consideration shall be deemed to be past. For example, A voluntarily gives lift to B on his car. At the time of arriving B promises that he shall pay 15 pounds to A. However, later B fails. This is a non-enforceable consideration as it took place in the past (Schwartz Scott, 2016). However, there are exceptions to the simple rule of past consideration such as: Request Business transactions If the act of the party is done at the request of the other party to the contract then the contract shall based on past consideration and it shall make the contract enforceable. Likewise, even in business transactions the contract, even if on past consideration, shall be considered as enforceable (Burrows, 2016). Application: In the case of Steve and Pamela the contract between them becomes non-enforceable as it was done voluntarily and not at the request of Steve. If Steve would have requested Pamela to water his garden in his absence, the contract could have become enforceable. However, since Pamela on her own wish watered his garden and Steve failed to act on his promise, the contract cannot be enforced later. Conclusion: The legal position of Steve, in this case is strong as his contract is not enforceable and he shall not be considered liable for non-performance of contractual obligation. Issue (Steve and Danny): Depending on the facts provided in the case study, the issue that shall be discussed here is, whether the contract becomes non-enforceable on the doctrine of frustration. Relevant Rules: If any event takes place that is beyond the control of parties to the contract and if due to the occurrence of such an act, it becomes impossible to fulfil the contractual obligations then the contract is discharged and none of the parties can be held liable for non-performance. In the case of Taylor v. Caldwell, the Court opined that it was important for the existence of the music hall for the parties to fulfil their contractual obligations. Since the music hall was destroyed the contract was discharged making none of the parties liable. This is called doctrine of frustration (Campbell, 2014). Application: In the case of Danny and Steve also the subject matter of the contract was destroyed, that is, Toyota Corolla. The destruction of the car was beyond the control of both the parties to the contract and none of the parties to the contract was aware about the destruction. Thus, the contract between Danny and Steve was discharged due to destruction of the subject matter of the contract. Conclusion: The legal position of Steve in this case is strong as the contract was discharged between them due to destruction of subject matter of the contract. Issue (Steve and Cool It Aircon Ltd): Based on the facts, the issue that arises here is, whether Steve can be held liable for non-performance of contractual obligation and can the contract be enforced on Steve. Relevant Rules: As per the receipt rule of contract law, an offer is said to complete its stage of acceptance, the moment the accepted is faxed to the other person, even if it does not reach the offeror or the offeree sends it by mistake. The contract shall become enforceable the moment the acceptance is posted. The offeror often use the defence that he was unaware of the acceptance that was faxed to him or that he did not receive it, likewise, the offeree may also use the defence that he faxed the acceptance by mistake (McKendrick, 2014). Under both the circumstances, the contract becomes enforceable as acceptance was duly carried out (Adams v. Lindsell). Application: Applying the receipt rule in the case of Steve and Trisha, one may conclude that the contract that existed between them was enforceable as the stage of offer and acceptance was carried out formally. Though, Steve sent his acceptance by mistake, the contract shall be enforceable as Trisha acted on the belief that the offer is accepted by Steve. Thus, in this case, Steve is bound by contractual obligations that existed between Trisha and Steve Conclusion: In this case, the legal position of Steve is not strong, as he has to perform his contractual obligations even if the acceptance was posted by mistake. References: Burrows, A. (2016).A Restatement of the English Law of Contract. Oxford University Press. Campbell, D. (2014). Review of C. Mitchell, Contract law and contract practice.Law Quarterly Review,130, 526-529. Furmston, M. P., Cheshire, G. C., Fifoot, C. H. S. (2012).Cheshire, Fifoot and Furmston's law of contract. Oxford University Press. Kenny, C. S. (2014).A Selection of Cases Illustrative of the Law of Contract. Cambridge University Press. McKendrick, E. (2014).Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK). Schwartz, A., Scott, R. E. (2016). The Common Law of Contract and the Default Rule Project.Virginia Law Review, Forthcoming.